✍️ BY: Dr. Hana Saada
Algiers – December 2025 – Algeria continues to assert its preeminent role on the African continent, consolidating decades of historical experience and political capital to emerge as a pivotal actor in regional peace and security affairs. While Algeria accumulates successive diplomatic successes at both continental and international levels, Morocco finds itself confronting yet another humiliating setback, exposing the fragility and limitations of its regional ambitions.
In a matter of days, Algeria positioned itself at the epicenter of African diplomatic activity by hosting two high-profile continental events formally recognized by the African Union through official resolutions. The first, the International Conference on Colonial Crimes in Africa, endorsed by AU Resolution 903 (February 2025) on the initiative of President Abdelmadjid Tebboune, aligns with the Union’s 2025 theme of “Justice and Reparations for Africans.” Concurrently, Oran hosted the twelfth edition of the African Peace and Security Forum, a cornerstone mechanism since 2013 that coordinates efforts between the AU Peace and Security Council (CPS) and the African members of the UN Security Council (A3). This year’s edition witnessed unprecedented high-level participation, including AU Commission Chairperson Moussa Ali Yousef, foreign ministers from Côte d’Ivoire, Rwanda, and Angola, and representation from the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. UN officials overseeing peacekeeping operations further underscored the forum’s international gravitas.
Observers concur that this remarkable diplomatic momentum signals an unequivocal acknowledgment from the highest executive body in Africa of Algeria’s centrality in managing continental affairs. Algeria’s election to the CPS (2024–2026) further reinforces its strategic role and underscores Oran’s forum as a decisive platform for continental policy-making.
In stark contrast, Morocco’s diplomatic maneuvering appears increasingly precarious. The so-called “First Conference for African Victims of Terrorism,” convened unilaterally in Rabat without AU endorsement, exposed the limits of Morocco’s outreach. Despite domestic media fanfare, participation was minimal, confined to Foreign Minister Nasser Bourita, a temporary UN representative, and ministers from politically isolated states under AU sanctions. The event lacked political legitimacy and any formal institutional framework, rendering it a symbolic, inconsequential exercise.
The timing of Morocco’s initiative, deliberately coinciding with Algeria’s AU-sanctioned events, further highlighted the attempt to create a “symbolic counterbalance” amid overwhelming asymmetry. While Algeria’s activities enjoyed full institutional backing and high-level attendance, Morocco’s conference was a hollow gesture, devoid of regional legitimacy or strategic impact.
This episode reflects a deeper malaise in Moroccan diplomacy, following repeated setbacks, including its failure to secure African support for its Western Sahara autonomy plan, weakening alliances, and increasing isolation within continental institutions.
In sum, the current African diplomatic landscape exposes a stark dichotomy: Algeria’s role is grounded in legitimacy, institutional frameworks, and regional mandate, whereas Morocco relies on ad hoc initiatives outside formal structures. Algeria continues to expand its influence through strategic, well-coordinated efforts addressing continental priorities in peace and security, leaving Morocco to confront an inescapable reality—its waning influence and inability to match Algeria’s ascendancy on the continental stage.
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